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1. Notació matricial

Donat un sistema d'equacions lineals

open table row cell a subscript 11 x subscript 1 plus a subscript 12 x subscript 2 plus..... plus a subscript 1 n end subscript x subscript n equals b subscript 1 space end cell row cell a subscript 21 x subscript 1 plus a subscript 22 x subscript 2 plus..... plus a subscript 2 n end subscript x subscript n equals b subscript 2 end cell row cell table row cell..... end cell row cell a subscript m 1 end subscript x subscript 1 plus a subscript m 2 end subscript x subscript 2 plus..... plus a subscript m n end subscript x subscript n equals b subscript m end cell end table end cell end table close curly brackets

li associarem dues matrius:

Matriu associada al sistema (o matriu de coeficients del sistema): formada pels coeficients

open parentheses table row cell a subscript 11 end cell cell a subscript 12 end cell cell... end cell cell a subscript 1 n end subscript end cell row cell a subscript 21 end cell cell a subscript 22 end cell cell... end cell cell a subscript 2 n end subscript end cell row cell... end cell cell... end cell cell... end cell cell... end cell row cell a subscript m 1 end subscript end cell cell a subscript m 2 end subscript end cell cell... end cell cell a subscript m n end subscript end cell end table close parentheses

                  

Matriu ampliada: formada pels coeficients i els termes independents 

open parentheses right enclose table row cell a subscript 11 end cell cell a subscript 12 end cell cell... end cell cell a subscript 1 n end subscript end cell row cell a subscript 21 end cell cell a subscript 22 end cell cell... end cell cell a subscript 2 n end subscript end cell row cell... end cell cell... end cell cell... end cell cell... end cell row cell a subscript m 1 end subscript end cell cell a subscript m 2 end subscript end cell cell... end cell cell a subscript m n end subscript end cell end table end enclose table row cell b subscript 1 end cell row cell b subscript 2 end cell row cell... end cell row cell b subscript m end cell end table close parentheses


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