Grammar book
Grammar
4. Tenir: "have" /"have got"
Tenir: "have" /"have got"
En anglès hi ha dues maneres de dir “tenir”. El significat és el mateix però l’estructura és diferent.
En anglès britànic és més comú “have got”
En anglès americà és més comú “have”
Formes
| HAVE GOT (igual a la del present perfect) | |||
| Afirmativa | Negativa | Interrogativa | Resposta breu afirmativa i negativa |
|
I have got (=Jo tinc) You have got (=tu tens) He / She / It has got (=el/ella/"ello" té) We have got (=nosaltres tenim) You have got (=vosaltres teniu) They have got (=ells/elles tenen) |
I haven't got (=Jo no tinc) You haven't got He /She / It hasn't got We haven't got You haven't got They haven't got |
Have I got? (= tinc?) Have you got? Has he/she/it got? Have we got? Have you got? Have they got? |
Yes, I have. (=Sí) - No, I haven’t. (=No) Yes, you have. - No, you haven’t. Yes, she/he/it has. - No, she/he/it hasn’t. Yes, we have. - No, we haven’t. Yes, you have. - No, you haven’t. Yes, they have. - No, they haven’t. |
|
*Les contraccions corresponen a: haven't = have not i hasn't = has not, |
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| HAVE (igual a la del present simple) | |||
| Afirmativa | Negativa | Interrogativa | Resposta breu afirmativa i negativa |
|
I have (=Jo tinc) You have (=tu tens) He/she/it has (=el/ella/"ello" té) We have (=nosaltres tenim) You have (=vosaltres teniu) They have (=ells/elles tenen) |
I don't have (=Jo no tinc) You don't have He/she/it doesn't have We don't have You don't have They don't have |
Do I have? (= tinc?) Do you have? Does he/she/it have? Do we have? Do you have? Do they have? |
Yes, I do. (=Sí) - No, I don’t. (=No) Yes, you do. - No, you don’t. Yes, she/he/it does. - No, she/he/it doesn’t. Yes, we do. - No, we don’t. Yes, you do. - No, you don’t. Yes, they do. - No, they don’t. |
|
*Les contraccions corresponen a: don't = do not, doesn't = does not |
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Com traduïm les dues formes?
| Afirmativa | Negativa | Interrogativa | |
|
Català |
(Ells/Elles) tenen una pilota |
(Ells/Elles) no tenen una pilota |
Tenen una pilota? |
|
Anglès |
They have a ball They have got a ball |
They don't have a ball They haven't got a ball |
Do they have a ball? Have I got a ball? |
Com traduïm la resposta breu?
Tot i que fem servir l'auxiliar, aquest auxiliar porta implícit el significat del verb a qui acompanya.
| Interrogativa | Afirmativa | Negativa | |
|
Català |
Tens una pilota? |
Sí, (en tinc /o/ en tic una) |
No, (no en tinc /o/ no en tinc cap) |
|
Anglès |
Do you have a ball? Have you got a ball? |
Yes, I do Yes, I have |
No, I don't No, I haven't |
(Si vols saber més sobre respostes breus pots anar a l'apartat 1.10 Short answers)
Altres significats?
“Have” pot tenir altres significats. Per exemple, prendre o fer.
To have breakfast (=esmorzar), to have lunch (=dinar), to have dinner (=sopar).
To have a shower (=dutxar-se), to have a nap (=fer la migdiada)
| Atenció! |
|
Error d'ús: NO fem servir "have"/"have got" per dir l'edat que té algú. Fem servir "be" Tinc 20 anys = I am 20 years old. Els anglesos NO "tenen" anys = I have 20 years old, "són" anys= I am 20 years old. |