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Read the text and answer the following questions

SOURCE 1:

“Workers in the (industrial) colony go in saying the rosary and leave praying. In the factory there is a priest and six nuns, where they have a huge and delightful home. There are more than one thousand people in the colony; children start working at six years of age, workers are crowded together in filthy rooms and the employer, because of the colony’s privileges, pays 2.000 pesetas of industrial subsidy where before he paid more than 8000…

Workers are prohibited from reading other newspapers than Catholic and are forced to buy all their food in the colony’s canteen. By Sunday morning or Saturday evening, the employer already has back all the week’s wages that he has just paid. It is an exchange, not a payment. The money goes from the manufacturer’s safe to the worker’s hand and back to the manufacturer’s, through the grocery store, that is his, the coffee shop, the bakery, housing… that are also his…”

La Publicidad, May 7, 1891

SOURCE 2:

“La Campana de Gràcia”, 03-05-1890.

Font (premsa històrica)
http://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/impresion.cmd?path=3068420&posicion=4

....

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You worked hard to prepare your answers,

The exercise is very good. You worked the sources correctly.

The exercise is excellent. You worked hard and thoroughly. Congratulations !


but:

  • you forgot to use the four classification criteria, because you didn't metion it is a primary and political source.
  • you forgot to develop one.......classification
  • the context....
  • to  improve: You must use four different criteria to classify the source,
  • Check your answers before you send  the exercise, Try to complete a bit more the short answers.

Check the corrections, and do not hesitate to contact me.

Regards,

Questions:

  1. Source 2: What kind of source is Source 2? (Textual, iconographical, statistical, cartographical, public /private: Picture, image, text, map...)
    It is a primary source. Primary sources are actual records that have survived from the past, such as letters, photographs, articles. It is a contemporary article of the facts it explains (date: 1891) and it appeared in a newspaper: “La Publicidad”
    It is also a iconographical  and a public source.
    Its content is also political and critical: you can compare the living and working conditions of workers and their colony owners .

  2. Source 1: What powerful words and ideas are expressed?
    The main ideas are:
    - The working and living conditions in the industrial colonies: workers had better jobs there than in the factories but their lives were absolutely controlled by the colonies's owners .

    - Workers earned money but it quickly returned to the colony’s owner: they couldn’t buy products where they wanted or where they were cheaper, they had to buy them in the colony's shop.

    - How much they were controlled: some newspapers were forbidden: leftist hand newspapers.

  3. What were labour conditions like in industrial colonies, according to the text?

    Men, women and children worked there. Children started working as soon as they could do something, in this text we can read that they started at the age of six.
    In industrial colonies labour conditions were better than in factories, those workers lived in rural areas and they cultivated some farm products to supplement their diet.

  4. Which were the demands of the labour movement in 1854?  Who was Josep Barceló?(5-6 lines) (2 points)

    Conflict is known as the selfactinas,Barcelona in July 1854, against the mechanization of spinning selfactinas calls provided by (the term "self-acting"), spinning automatic machines that saved labor to which they blamed the layoff of many workers.
    1854: a multitude of workers began in Barcelona spinners
    fire selfactinas several factories where they worked.
    It was the first general strike in Spain, it took place in Barcelona because it was the main industrial center (mainly textil)
    The strikers returned to work only when General Espartero Barcelona sent a personal message of yours which asked who should trust him, that he was "a son of the people who has never deceived the people." Then the workers 'associations sent to Madrid a paper,  entitled Exposition laborer class to Cortes, calling for a law of workers' associations that regulated labor relations.
    Josep Barceló
    was the leader of the labour movement, but he was convicted and executed.

  5. Source 2: According to this source, which were the demands of the labour movement? What was the first of May?..  (4-5 lines) (2 points)
    ( As ... in source 8 the worker's demands were... 8 hours of...

    The history of the 1st May. International Workers Day, was in commemoration of four anarchist executed for their demands on a 8 hours day in Chicago in 1886, and the subsequent execution of four innocent anarchist workers.
    Some information- link-
    Chicago anarchist- link-



Source 1:When was it created? What was happening during this time period?
It was created in 1891: The Restauration times, its first period, under the Regency of Maria Cristina.
The right to vote was only for men, but for all men after 1891. (The head of the government was Canovas, both Canovas and Sagasta decided to share the country’s government and this implied fraudulent elections, it was a generalised electoral fraud.
)

The Industrial Revolution in Catalonia took place and some of the factories were placed near the rivers because of the lack of coal and the need of energy.

Darrera modificació: dimarts, 6 de novembre 2018, 10:17