L2ACR1_E_ Centelles_Civil War
Source A
Two Assault Guards. |
Source B
The outcome of the Battle of Ebro and the offensive of the national troops on Catalan territory, accompanied by indiscriminate bombing of several Catalan towns, forced hundreds of thousands of the displaced from many areas of the peninsula, soldiers, civil servants and citizens of Catalonia loyal to the Republic, to go, most of them on foot, to the Pyrenees, en route to the neighbouring state. France had already received at least three waves of refugees coinciding with the advance of Franco’s troops:; - in August-September 1936, after the Battle of Irún - in April-October 1937, with the occupation of the Cantabrian coast; - - and in the spring of 1938, after the occupation of the High Aragon and part of the Lleida Pyrenees. Despite these precedents, the French authorities were not prepared to receive the human avalanche that concentrated on its border in late January 1939 and took a few days to open the border crossings. It was not until the night of 27th and 28th January 1939 that they authorised entry for the first refugees: women, old men and children. Three days later, they allowed the war wounded to enter and, finally, from 5th February, the soldiers of the People’s Arm”. |
Excerpt from Museu Exili. 2011 |
Source C
Seventy-five years after the conflict began, Spain’s Civil War generation is disappearing, and an important link with the past will soon be lost. But some voices are still to be heard, such as that of Valentín Trenado Gómez, now 94. He was later sent to break rocks in the Moroccan enclave of Tetuán. “We were fed leftovers. For us there was no forgiveness, and no peace.” Others who lived through the war have still not recovered, and prefer to give their testimony anonymously. “I was just 12 when the war broke out in 1936,” says one woman, who lost 18 members of her family in a small community in Toledo. “They threw the bodies of my two uncles in the Tagus. They brought outsiders into the village to do the killing, but neighbors would point out who was to be executed. My father was shot and left to bleed to death for trying to escape. The others were shot in the cemetery. I think that God must have loved my grandmother, because she died in January of 1936, and didn’t see the fate of her 14 children.” |
EL PAÍS, Monday, April 4, 2011. Teresa Constela article. |
- Source B: (3- 4 lines) (2 points)
What kind of source is it? (Textual, iconographical, statistical, cartographical, public/private: Picture, image, text, map...) (Justify your answer) - Source A:(5-6 lines) (2 points)
When was it created? What was happening during this time period? (explain the general context: national and international) - Can you explain the following sentence,(2 points) (5-6 lines):
3.1 " the offensive of the national troops on Catalan territory, accompanied by indiscriminate bombing of several Catalan towns” (what does it refers to, who did support the rebels and why?).
3.2 Did the great powers gain useful information from the use of air power during the Spanish Civil War?
- Why do you think the Republic government was not able to persuade Britain, America or France governments, to lift their arms embargo and help the hard-pressed Republicans? ( 5-6 lines) (2 points)
- Source C: Violence after the Civil War. ( 5-6 lines) (2 points)
At the end of the C. War, Azaña claimed for "peace, pardon and compassion". Explain what happened instead and why (read source C and try to answer the question) ?
Structure | Useful starters | Useful vocabulary |
Introduction: Describe the picture/ image/cartoon |
It is perfectly clear. As you can see |
Cartoon/ image/picture. Fascism. Rebels. Propaganda pamphlet, posters, fascist air fleet, |
Artist intention |
I think the artist is trying to/ explore/ Contribute to...... |
Reflect/ Express.....historical events, Support on both the national and international levels, symbol,anguish, despair, violence , |
Source | This source is a ..... |
primary/secondary source/ textual/ iconographical/ cartographical/public/private/political... |
Context |
It refers to..... |
Before/after the Second World War/ Germany. Italy. Condor legion. Nazi Germany's prime contribution to Franco's forces.. Air raid/ injured people/death/casualties/ massacre/air raid shelters/ Italian and German aeroplanes/ enemy's target/ rebels/ destruction/ crimes |
Your reaction |
The picture/ photography/ cartoonist make understand better.../ |
The interpretation of historical events and people.. The atmosphere of those times/the horrors of war anti- war work Picasso, Miró ... significant organizational capabilities, |
Conclusion |
I like/ I don't like this picture/ image /cartoon.../ because.../ in my opinion..../ My conclusion is that..// All these men played with the lives of...... |
The theme/The topic is not for joking about/ It makes clear the connexion between..... All those dictatorships/ All these dictators/ |
Linguee (word in context)
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centelles