5. Unit 2 grammar

Nouns can be countable  if you can count them (one, two, three...) or uncountable if it's very difficult or impossible to count them. 

• Countable nouns can be counted,  an orange, two apples, three cars, etc. 

• Uncountable nouns cannot be counted, milk, rice, water, sugar, etc. 

We use           SOME      (affirmative)         

We use           ANY         ( negative and questions)

Countable nouns

For positive sentences we can use:

              a/an for singular nouns  and numbers ( one, two, three,...)

             some for plurals.

Exemples:

                               There's a dog in the garden.

                               I have some apples in my bag.

For negatives we can use:

                                a/an for singular nouns 

                                any for plurals.

Exemples:

                                I don't have a computer.

                               There aren't any oranges in the fridge.

Uncountable nouns

bread, rice, coffee, information, money, water,.....

We use some : uncountable nouns in positive 

We use any:  negatives.

Exemples:

                            There's some money on the table.

                            There isn't any new information.

Questions

* Countables in questions :

      a/an

      any

     how many 

Exemples:

                           Is there an elephant in the photo?

                          Are there any cookies?

                             How many books are there?

* Uncountables in questions :

       any 

      how much 

Exemples: 

                 Is there any bread?

                   How much milk is there?

                UNCOUNTABLE                                      COUNTABLE       

                  HOW MUCH?                                      HOW MANY?

                      (sing)                                                       (pl)

     Exemples:

How many eggs are there in the fridge?      ( there are two eggs...)

How much sugar do you want?                    ( you can't say one, two,...)

OTHER EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

A glass of....

A jar of....

a bottle of....

A pound of......

Two bags of......

A slice...

a piece....

HOW MUCH?            (uncountable)                                        HOW MANY?       ( countable)   

Much      /        little        /           a lot of                                   Many      /       a few       /    a lot of

(molt/molta)   (poc/poca)         (molt/a/una pila)                        (molts/es) (pocs/poques) (molts/una pila)        

How much money do you have?                                                            How many books are there?

I have much money                                                                                  There are many books   

I have little money                                                                                    There are few books      

I have a little of money                                                                             There are a few books

I have a lot!                                                                                               There are a lot!

They have a lot of money.                                                                        There are a lot of books